Gardening in Minot, ND
This metro spans USDA zones 3b to 4a, so there is no single zone for Minot, ND and anyone who gives you one is rounding. 83% of its ZIP codes are zone 4a; the rest are not.
Which zone you are in depends where you are
Minot, ND covers 2 hardiness zones. A guide that gives the metro one zone has picked whichever is largest and rounded everyone else into it — which is fine for the 83% in zone 4a and wrong for the other 17%. Here is the actual split.
| Zone | ZIP codes | Share | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4a | 25 | 83% | |
| 3b | 5 | 17% |
Zones are published per ZIP code, so yours is exact even though the metro's is not. The hardiness tool will tell you which one you are in.
Your freeze dates
Those are the earliest and latest medians among the 12 stations serving this metro — not an average, and not one station standing in for the rest. Half of years freeze later than a station's own median.
The spread is the point. Even in a metro that is one hardiness zone throughout, its stations disagree about the last spring freeze. Hardiness zone and frost date measure different things — a zone is the average annual coldest night, a freeze date is when the season turns — and a place can be uniform in one and varied in the other. Use the tools below with your own ZIP rather than the ends of this range.
Your growing season
NOAA publishes a growing-season length for each station, and across the 12 stations serving Minot, ND it runs 123–145 days . That figure is published, not computed from the two freeze dates — subtracting one from the other gives the wrong answer wherever a season crosses New Year. Mean summer high (June–August) runs 78–82 °F , below the 90 °F point where cool-season crops reliably bolt.
When to start seeds in Minot, ND
Every spring job for 63 crop dates, counted from this metro's own last spring freeze. Each is a range across all 12 stations — the earliest and latest that job falls anywhere in the metro — because no one station speaks for the whole area.
| Crop | Job | When | Offset |
|---|---|---|---|
| Green Onions | Start indoors | March 14 – March 27 | 8 weeks before |
| Peppers | Start indoors | March 14 – March 27 | 8 weeks before |
| Broccoli | Start indoors | March 28 – April 10 | 6 weeks before |
| Cabbage | Start indoors | March 28 – April 10 | 6 weeks before |
| Collards | Start indoors | March 28 – April 10 | 6 weeks before |
| Kale | Start indoors | March 28 – April 10 | 6 weeks before |
| Leaf Lettuce | Start indoors | March 28 – April 10 | 6 weeks before |
| Peas | Direct sow | March 28 – April 10 | 6 weeks before |
| Spinach | Direct sow | March 28 – April 10 | 6 weeks before |
| Sweet Potato | Start indoors | March 28 – April 10 | 6 weeks before |
| Tomatoes | Start indoors | March 28 – April 10 | 6 weeks before |
| Bok Choy | Start indoors | April 4 – April 17 | 5 weeks before |
| Kohlrabi | Start indoors | April 4 – April 17 | 5 weeks before |
| Swiss Chard | Start indoors | April 4 – April 17 | 5 weeks before |
| Arugula | Direct sow | April 11 – April 24 | 4 weeks before |
| Baby Salad Greens | Direct sow | April 11 – April 24 | 4 weeks before |
| Beets | Direct sow | April 11 – April 24 | 4 weeks before |
| Green Onions | Direct sow | April 11 – April 24 | 4 weeks before |
| Mustard Greens | Direct sow | April 11 – April 24 | 4 weeks before |
| Okra | Start indoors | April 11 – April 24 | 4 weeks before |
| Radishes | Direct sow | April 11 – April 24 | 4 weeks before |
| Turnips | Direct sow | April 11 – April 24 | 4 weeks before |
| Cabbage | Set out | April 18 – May 1 | 3 weeks before |
| Carrots | Direct sow | April 18 – May 1 | 3 weeks before |
| Collards | Direct sow | April 18 – May 1 | 3 weeks before |
| Collards | Set out | April 18 – May 1 | 3 weeks before |
| Cucumbers | Start indoors | April 18 – May 1 | 3 weeks before |
| Green Onions | Set out | April 18 – May 1 | 3 weeks before |
| Kale | Direct sow | April 18 – May 1 | 3 weeks before |
| Kale | Set out | April 18 – May 1 | 3 weeks before |
| Kohlrabi | Direct sow | April 18 – May 1 | 3 weeks before |
| Kohlrabi | Set out | April 18 – May 1 | 3 weeks before |
| Leaf Lettuce | Direct sow | April 18 – May 1 | 3 weeks before |
| Pumpkins | Start indoors | April 18 – May 1 | 3 weeks before |
| Summer Squash | Start indoors | April 18 – May 1 | 3 weeks before |
| Winter Squash | Start indoors | April 18 – May 1 | 3 weeks before |
| Zucchini | Start indoors | April 18 – May 1 | 3 weeks before |
| Bok Choy | Direct sow | April 25 – May 8 | 2 weeks before |
| Bok Choy | Set out | April 25 – May 8 | 2 weeks before |
| Broccoli | Set out | April 25 – May 8 | 2 weeks before |
| Cilantro | Direct sow | April 25 – May 8 | 2 weeks before |
| Leaf Lettuce | Set out | April 25 – May 8 | 2 weeks before |
| Swiss Chard | Direct sow | April 25 – May 8 | 2 weeks before |
| Swiss Chard | Set out | April 25 – May 8 | 2 weeks before |
| Dill | Direct sow | May 2 – May 15 | 1 week before |
| Bush Beans | Direct sow | May 16 – May 29 | 1 week after |
| Cucumbers | Set out | May 16 – May 29 | 1 week after |
| Pumpkins | Direct sow | May 16 – May 29 | 1 week after |
| Pumpkins | Set out | May 16 – May 29 | 1 week after |
| Summer Squash | Direct sow | May 16 – May 29 | 1 week after |
| Summer Squash | Set out | May 16 – May 29 | 1 week after |
| Sweet Corn | Direct sow | May 16 – May 29 | 1 week after |
| Tomatoes | Set out | May 16 – May 29 | 1 week after |
| Winter Squash | Direct sow | May 16 – May 29 | 1 week after |
| Winter Squash | Set out | May 16 – May 29 | 1 week after |
| Zucchini | Direct sow | May 16 – May 29 | 1 week after |
| Zucchini | Set out | May 16 – May 29 | 1 week after |
| Cucumbers | Direct sow | May 23 – June 5 | 2 weeks after |
| Okra | Direct sow | May 23 – June 5 | 2 weeks after |
| Okra | Set out | May 23 – June 5 | 2 weeks after |
| Peppers | Set out | May 23 – June 5 | 2 weeks after |
| Southern Peas | Direct sow | May 23 – June 5 | 2 weeks after |
| Sweet Potato | Set out | May 23 – June 5 | 2 weeks after |
The week offsets are conventional extension guidance and vary by variety; the freeze dates they are counted from are measured. For a single date rather than a range, run when do I start my seeds? with your own ZIP code.
What survives the winter changes across Minot, ND
Of 74 perennial fruits, nuts, berries, vegetables and herbs, 34 come through the winter in zone 4a and only 17 in zone 3b. That is a different garden at each end of the same metro.
| Zone | ZIPs | Survive | Fail for being too warm |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3b | 5 | 17 of 74 | 0 |
| 4a | 25 | 34 of 74 | 0 |
The last column is the counterintuitive one, and it is why the totals do not simply rise as the winters get milder. Most temperate fruit needs a documented number of hours below about 45 °F to break dormancy and set a crop, so an apple fails in a winter that is too warm; currants and rhubarb cook in the summer heat that comes with it. See the full list with reasons.
The 12 stations behind these numbers
Every figure above comes from these, and each is named so you can check it. Distances vary by ZIP code, so the tools report yours rather than this page guessing.
| Station | NOAA ID | Last spring freeze | First fall freeze | Season |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Butte 5Se, ND | USC00321225 | May 16 | September 28 | 134 days |
| Drake 9 NE, ND | USC00322304 | May 12 | September 27 | 137 days |
| Foxholm 7 N, ND | USC00323217 | May 11 | September 29 | 138 days |
| Granville, ND | USC00323686 | May 9 | October 1 | 145 days |
| Kenmare 1 Wsw, ND | USC00324646 | May 15 | September 23 | 129 days |
| Max, ND | USC00325638 | May 10 | September 28 | 141 days |
| Minot Exp Stn, ND | USC00325993 | May 13 | September 27 | 136 days |
| Minot INTL AP, ND | USW00024013 | May 10 | October 1 | 144 days |
| Mohall, ND | USC00326025 | May 17 | September 23 | 127 days |
| Towner 2 NE, ND | USC00328792 | May 17 | September 22 | 126 days |
| Upham 3 N, ND | USC00328913 | May 15 | September 25 | 132 days |
| Velva, ND | USC00328990 | May 22 | September 22 | 123 days |
These are medians, not averages — NOAA publishes freeze dates as a probability distribution, and half of years freeze later than the date shown.
Work out your own dates
Each of these takes a ZIP code and answers for that ZIP alone, citing the station it used and how far away it is. There is a ZIP box in the header of every page.
- What survives my winter?
Runs on the hardiness zone, so it answers for all of Minot, ND at once — zone across 74 perennial fruits, berries, vegetables and herbs.
- When do I start my seeds?
Dates every spring job from your own last freeze — sow indoors, set out, direct sow.
- When do I sow the next round?
How often each crop is worth re-sowing, and when the next sowing is due.
- What can I still plant?
Counts the growing days left before your first fall freeze, crop by crop.
Where these numbers come from
The hardiness zone is the USDA 2023 Plant Hardiness Zone Map, published per ZIP code by PRISM at Oregon State. The freeze dates are NOAA's 1991–2020 Climate Normals, read from every station whose normals cover a ZIP code in this metro. Nothing here is estimated, and no station stands in for another.
This page names no single station on purpose. Picking one to represent a metro sounds reasonable and is not: the station serving the most ZIP codes is an artifact of where ZIP centroids happen to fall, and it selects a lock on the Monongahela for Pittsburgh and a far southern suburb for Chicago. A range across every station is true; a single cited date for a whole metro is not.